نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Fundamental methodology is a way in which the theory is generated. Given this, Sayyid Qutb’s social knowledge is inspired by Externalism and Ash'ari theology. Furthermore, the necessity of reference to the first generation of Muslims’ Ideas, in a Jihad frame, links his thought to Salafi stream. This paper, employing a documentary research method and following critical approach in description and interpretation levels, retrieves the fundamental methodology of social knowledge adopted by Sayyid Qutb in four realms: 1)the realm of “Idea”('Aghide) in which there is a kind of epistemological mutuality between social structure and people’s Ideas('Aghayed); 2)the realm of “Jihad” in which the theory of social change is pointed out; 3)the realm of “Islamic civilization” in which “the typology of society” is articulated; and 4)the realm of science and culture which from Sayyid Qutb’s opinion, this are has an inherent plurality. In addition, the fundamental methodology used by Sayyid Qutb encompasses a sort of critical approach toward social condition and intellectual schools so that one could be able to articulate this approach with four parameters: “Islamic values and Islamic society”, “elites and social change”, “value and action”(praxis), and “realism”. The prevalence of various social schools, especially the issue of West colonialism as one of the most important non-epistemic grounds based on Sayyid Qutb’s social knowledge, has raised the concern of revival of Islamic civilization for him. The influence of social thought of Sayyid Qutb in the current era has been affecting some Jihad-oriented deeds (Salafi) in the Middle East and, some social events in countries such as Egypt and Syria. The above mentioned observations make a critical review of Sayyid Qutb’s social theory a necessity.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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