Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Ahmad Jahani Nasab
Abstract
The article is trying to investigate the ideal society in the socio-political thought of Ibn Sina and Ibn Khaldun, based on Spriggan's model. Therefore, the research question has been formulated as follows: How did Ibn Sina and Ibn Khaldun think about the ideal society and how do they analyze the crisis ...
Read More
The article is trying to investigate the ideal society in the socio-political thought of Ibn Sina and Ibn Khaldun, based on Spriggan's model. Therefore, the research question has been formulated as follows: How did Ibn Sina and Ibn Khaldun think about the ideal society and how do they analyze the crisis of the political system and what ideal proposal do they offer to get rid of it? The present article, using a descriptive-analytical method and using library sources, has reached the report that Ibn Sina, in his attempt to connect politics and prophecy, considered the crisis to be the lack of centralized national power, which is the lack of prophetic policy and the lack of proper implementation of Sharia in has found In the design of the ideal society, he considered the best type of system to be a prophetic political system in which the Prophet or his successor is at the head of affairs. His ideal is the reconciliation between religion and philosophy, linking politics with Sharia and maintaining the unity of the Muslim society through the concentrated power of the philosopher-prophet. In fact, the plan of the ideal society in Ibn Sina's political-social thought is based on the divine nature of man and the maximum role of the state in the happiness and salvation of citizens in both worlds. While in Ibn Khaldoun's opinions, the formation and expansion of vast and powerful governments is related to the origin of religious principles and the role of religion and religion throughout the life of governments. He considers the state to be a fluid and perishable phenomenon that, like humans, has a natural lifespan from birth to death, and in this regard, in addition to tribal nervousness, religious nervousness can give stability to governments.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
mohammad soltanieh
Abstract
Max Weber's approach as a sociologist is classified in the category of sociological micro-approaches, and his explanation of various phenomena is an objective co-explanation. Paying attention to the individual and explaining based on considering the position of the individual in the society has shown ...
Read More
Max Weber's approach as a sociologist is classified in the category of sociological micro-approaches, and his explanation of various phenomena is an objective co-explanation. Paying attention to the individual and explaining based on considering the position of the individual in the society has shown itself even in the issue of the development of religion in the society. This article, which is written with the aim of understanding the criticisms obtained from the point of view of Morteza Motahari on Max Weber's views on the issue of the development of religion and is written in an exploratory, descriptive and critical method, has reached the considerations that religion is a phenomenon with The origin of atheism is not human or social, so that due to the changes and transformations of conditions and time, it needs to evolve and conform to the conditions. Comprehensiveness and compatibility of religion with reality are two basic elements for religion not needing substantive changes. Also, the nature of religion has not changed in the course of history so that religion needs to be completed. The elements of all divine religions are the same, and no change has been made in these elements, so as to create the suspicion of change, transformation and evolution in religion. The Qur'an's point of view regarding the development of religion is an integrated point of view. That is, from the beginning of the creation of the first man to the last creature, this religion has been accompanied by God Almighty with the aim of ensuring the happiness of the worldly and the afterlife life with man and human society, and since the goal is the same, religion has also been comprehensive of this goal from the beginning until now.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
ziba esmaeili
Abstract
Imam Muhammad Ghazali is one of the most prominent thinkers and the most influential religious scholars who called for the reform and revival of religion, he is one of the leaders of the movement of returning to Salaf Salih. the teaching of the principles and pillars of religion, the way of governance ...
Read More
Imam Muhammad Ghazali is one of the most prominent thinkers and the most influential religious scholars who called for the reform and revival of religion, he is one of the leaders of the movement of returning to Salaf Salih. the teaching of the principles and pillars of religion, the way of governance and other customs such as marriage customs have been taken into consideration in his works, in which he also mentions his opinions about women. In this research, Imam Mohammad Ghazali's view on issues related to women was explored and investigated with descriptive analytical method and critical approach, then the historical, cultural and social contexts influencing Ghazali's thinking were analyzed. In the Ghazali's works, there are thoughts about women that contradict the tradition of the Prophet (PBUH) and his practice. A closer examination of his views on women reveals the cultural view of the society in which Ghazali lived. It seems that some of Ghazali's views were influenced by Jaheli culture and changes in Islamic society after the death of the Prophet (PBUH). The presence of orders such as consulting with women and acting contrary to it or women being created from crooked ribs, locking women at home and depriving them of education, placing women in the ranks of servants and slaves, and emphasizing the function of women bearing children are the topics emphasized in the thoughts of It is a ghazali that is directly related to the cultural changes of the Islamic society after the death of the Prophet (PBUH).
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
mohammad dadseresht; nafise moghise
Abstract
The fundamental issues of a knowledge are often answered and explained in the philosophy of that knowledge. The question of what society is is also a question that the philosophy of social sciences is responsible for answering. Throughout history, many scientists have searched for a suitable answer to ...
Read More
The fundamental issues of a knowledge are often answered and explained in the philosophy of that knowledge. The question of what society is is also a question that the philosophy of social sciences is responsible for answering. Throughout history, many scientists have searched for a suitable answer to this question, but they did not find much success or agreement. Qur'anic thinkers took two important approaches to find out what society is: First, it was an abstract approach, which abstracted the society mentioned in the Holy Qur'an, mabah al-ashtrak, and made it the definition of society. Culture, government, purpose and geography are some of these commonalities. The second approach is to use the corresponding words in the Holy Quran. The Qur'an has used words such as Qom, Nas, Anas, Tribe, Tribe, Clan, Branch, Village and Ummah for communities, which can be understood by referring to its characteristics. The following article, while expressing, examining and measuring the definitions of society from the perspective of Quranic thinkers, seeks to find the definition of society from the perspective of the Holy Quran. According to the teachings of the Holy Qur'an, the common law that forms the society is the social province. Social province is a province that expresses the relationship and connection of people based on motivating beliefs and actions in accordance with the beliefs, which results from the love between people and causes them to dominate each other and obey each other. The present article, which was written with a documentary method and a descriptive analytical approach and an inferential interpretation method, in explaining the nature of society believes that first of all, the Qur'an mentions the nature of society as spiritual and not dependent on geography, tribe, race and language. Dand, and secondly, from the perspective of the Holy Qur'an, society refers to a group of people who have a social guardianship over each other based on insight - motivating beliefs - and actions in accordance with faith or disbelief.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Fereshte Abolhassani niaraki
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to investigate the role and influence of wisdom, thinking-centeredness, and rationality in the design of utopia according to Farabi's theory as one of the main underlying factors in designing utopia (in moral dimensions). In addition, the character of the influence of rationalism ...
Read More
The purpose of this article is to investigate the role and influence of wisdom, thinking-centeredness, and rationality in the design of utopia according to Farabi's theory as one of the main underlying factors in designing utopia (in moral dimensions). In addition, the character of the influence of rationalism on the ethics of societies, which has been investigated in Farabi’s moral legacy, is analyzed. The article uses an analytical-rational methodology that employs various conceptual, propositional, and system analyses. Farabi has described society as a structure or system and an ordered set, and his discussions refer to a collective order comparable to that of the cosmos. Accordingly, to create a more ideal society, some thinkers have argued that reason and logic are the most important factors, not only for individuals and their moral values, but for the entire system as a whole. This is reflected in the qualities of the Utopian leader (who possesses the maximum level of rationality) and the citizens’ morality. In order to attain their ideal state and become the epitome of virtue, citizens must use their intellect (nous) to make consistent and long-lasting judgments and evaluations. The intellectual virtues that result from practical reason are intended for both citizens and their domestic and public affairs, and both individual and social happiness depend on wisdom. However, reason and rationality are not the only factors that contribute to the health and contentment of citizens and society, but they are the most crucial ones that generate additional elements.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Ali Ghanbari Barzian
Abstract
Backwardness and lack of development is one of the primary concerns of all Muslim thinkers, including Hanafi and Ardakani, and each of them offered a variety of explanations and contributing factors. Understanding the scope and reality of the Islamic world and posing the appropriate query are more important ...
Read More
Backwardness and lack of development is one of the primary concerns of all Muslim thinkers, including Hanafi and Ardakani, and each of them offered a variety of explanations and contributing factors. Understanding the scope and reality of the Islamic world and posing the appropriate query are more important than the solution and what should be done. Using the qualitative analysis method described in this article, Hanafi and Davari Ardakani collected the essential data and information from books, articles, and other written sources and compilations. The importance of understanding the West and its modernity and culture is emphasized in the works of Davari and Hanafi, who believe that a significant portion of the problems confronting Islamic societies are the result of the incorrect design and imitation of the cultural and philosophical foundations of Western modernity. In certain periods of modern history, this resulted in the field of philosophical and political thought in the Islamic world being regarded as the most crucial path forward for Islamic societies in the plan for cognitive reconstruction of the Islamic world. According to Hanafi, the most significant factors of degeneration are the categories of reconstruction of Islamic religious epistemological foundations, dogmatism and self-righteousness, the superiority of transferable sciences over rational sciences, the rule of enlightened attitude, nationalism, and the absence of a rational approach to the Quran. Ardakani’s evaluation also identifies the lack of a development policy and a critical philosophy as obstacles to development.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Azra Akbari; qasem zaeri
Abstract
"The idea of unity" was formed among Muslim elites from the beginning of the confrontation of Muslims with colonial modernity. Imam Khomeini (RA) as one of the most important preachers of this thought, from a forward-looking perspective, has a special plan for the administration of the Islamic world ...
Read More
"The idea of unity" was formed among Muslim elites from the beginning of the confrontation of Muslims with colonial modernity. Imam Khomeini (RA) as one of the most important preachers of this thought, from a forward-looking perspective, has a special plan for the administration of the Islamic world in the post-Unification period. In this article, while considering the political and social conditions governing the Islamic world after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, we will examine and explain two issues: First, what is the Islamic unity from Imam Khomeini's point of view and how will it be realized? Then, if this union is realized, what is the model for managing it. Finally, the dimensions of the idea of forming an Islamic state with free and independent republics as a model for the administration of the Islamic world in the post-unification stage have been explained and examined, which gives an image of a union with a confederal system. In this research, data collection and analysis have been done by using documentary method and historical analysis."The idea of unity" was formed among Muslim elites from the beginning of the confrontation of Muslims with colonial modernity. Imam Khomeini (RA) as one of the most important preachers of this thought, from a forward-looking perspective, has a special plan for the administration of the Islamic world in the post-Unification period. In this article, while considering the political and social conditions governing the Islamic world after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, we will examine and explain two issues: First, what is the Islamic unity from Imam Khomeini's point of view and how will it be realized? Then, if this union is realized, what is the model for managing it. Finally, the dimensions of the idea of forming an Islamic state with free and independent republics as a model for the administration of the Islamic world in the post-unification stage have been explained and examined, which gives an image of a union with a confederal system. In this research, data collection and analysis have been done by using documentary method and historical analysis.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
saeid muhammadpour; Seyyed Hamidreza Mirazimi; Behrouz Muhammadimunfared; Hossein Hashemnezhad
Abstract
The relationship between knowledge and value is a subject of interest within the realm of transethics. To that end, Soroush has put forth the theory of knowledge and value separation. The purpose of this article is to delineate the fundamental components of Soroush’s theory through the application ...
Read More
The relationship between knowledge and value is a subject of interest within the realm of transethics. To that end, Soroush has put forth the theory of knowledge and value separation. The purpose of this article is to delineate the fundamental components of Soroush’s theory through the application of descriptive-analytical methodology. Five factors, according to the research findings, influenced Soroush’s conception of this notion: adhering to positivists’ definitions and differentiations of sciences; the notion that the deduction of “must” from “is” violates the principles of logic; believing that values are nothing more than credits; consider scientific ethics to be an impersonal branch of ethics; the conviction that scientific ethics and determinism are inextricably linked. As evidenced by the research findings, deriving “oughts” from “beings” does not necessitate a connection between knowledge and value; rather, it enables the development of ethics through reliance on facts (beings) rather than determinism and impersonality. In reality, the moral provisions are the same necessity that exists between human action and its consequences. Science can also encompass non-experimental knowledge; it comprises experimental knowledge as well as intellectual, mystical, narrative, and philosophical knowledge.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Alireza Mohseni Tabrizi; Gholamhosein Rohi; Seyed Abedin Bozorgi
Abstract
Although Farabi did not explicitly identify himself as a social psychologist, thematic analysis and interpretation of his writings and works reveal an obvious similarity and synonymy between certain of his points of view, connotations, and departure points and those found in social psychological contexts. With ...
Read More
Although Farabi did not explicitly identify himself as a social psychologist, thematic analysis and interpretation of his writings and works reveal an obvious similarity and synonymy between certain of his points of view, connotations, and departure points and those found in social psychological contexts. With this in mind, the primary objective of this article is to unveil those concealed facets of Farabi's idea and thought that, in a social psychological sense, contrast and resemble other such ideas and thoughts. We utilized a combination of thematic analysis and technical analysis of triangulation in order to achieve this objective. The information was collected from a vast array of credible sources, including six books authored by Farabi and articles and commentary pertaining to his ideas and works. The data's validity was validated in accordance with the standards suggested by Lingen and Goba. The methodology employed for data processing and interpretation was Strauss's three-stage data coding technique. Open coding, axial coding, and selective coding established the framework for deconstructing, analyzing, conceptualizing, and classifying the data, as well as identifying the most significant themes, in accordance with this methodology. Individual themes constitute components of a thematic field in the context of thematic analysis. The thematic field comprises all data that are considered materially relevant or germane to the theme and serve as the foundation or foreground from which the theme itself emerges as the focal point. Consequently, the following ten primary themes emerged as a result of thematic analysis:Elme Madanieh (science of expected behavior);Nature of man;Collectivism vs individualism;Social nature of man and his needs for association/ cooperation;Homogeneity of society and organism;Type of communities and societies;Group impact and its role in socialization of individual;Normlessness and deviant behavior;Protective and risk factors;Leadership and characteristic of good leader.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Mahdi Abbasi Shahkooh; abbas keshavarz
Abstract
The Islamic revolution that transpired in Iran posed a difficulty for the theorists of the revolution in their way of thinking. Revolutions of the past were either predicated on modernity or did not oppose it; they consisted of simple uprisings of the peasant or worker multitudes against the owners of ...
Read More
The Islamic revolution that transpired in Iran posed a difficulty for the theorists of the revolution in their way of thinking. Revolutions of the past were either predicated on modernity or did not oppose it; they consisted of simple uprisings of the peasant or worker multitudes against the owners of property and power. However, during the Islamic revolution, the populace, leadership, slogans, and ideology were all in good standing with Shiite Islam. “Hossein Kechoyan” is the name of one of the philosophers who has contributed to the study of jihadi Islam. “The nature, reflection, and obstacles of the Islamic Revolution in the thought of Hossein Kechuyan” is the subject of this article. By employing the text hermeneutic method and documental information collection, an effort is made to comprehend the Islamic revolution theory and the progression of Quechuan history. The hermeneutic approach employed in the article revealed that Kechuyan believed that the Islamic revolution brought about a paradigm shift in the definition of revolution; its religious and cultural character contributed to its ability to dominate history; and as a result, it is regarded as one of the greatest revolutions. Because the great revolutions, by virtue of their civilizational essence, possess the capacity to exert influence over subsequent revolutions and alter the methodologies and demands of the movements. The article’s novelty lies in its examination of an Iranian theorist specializing in revolutionary theory.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
mohammad mahmoodikia
Abstract
Given the pivotal significance of Sheikh Yusuf al-Qaradawi in the aftermath of the Arab revolutions in 2011, his prominent status among Muslim Brotherhood supporters, and his interactions with the Syrian government during this time, we have devised a research approach that combines comparative research ...
Read More
Given the pivotal significance of Sheikh Yusuf al-Qaradawi in the aftermath of the Arab revolutions in 2011, his prominent status among Muslim Brotherhood supporters, and his interactions with the Syrian government during this time, we have devised a research approach that combines comparative research methodology for analysis with library and documentary studies to gather information and address the research questions. The results of this study suggest that his political stance on the Syrian crisis contradicts the epistemological, ontological, anthropological, and methodological underpinnings that govern his Islamist discourse. This demonstrated that he has strayed from the primary frameworks of his political Islam discourse, despite his moderate stance prior to the aforementioned developments. Overall, it appears that Sheikh Yusuf al-Qaradawi is swayed by political movements and groups, the absence of an accurate political vision, and the inflammatory atmosphere that followed the Arab Spring. Additionally, the historical experience of the Brotherhood in Syria, the opportunity presented by the Arab Spring, and the protests in Syria all play a role in shaping his perspective. He regarded it as an appropriate venue for overthrowing the governing authority in that country and instituting a system of governance based on the Brotherhood's discourse.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Mohsen Amin
Abstract
An aspect that is both significant and often overlooked in the convergence of Islam and modernity is the interaction between Islamic scholars and modern concepts. This interaction has been instrumental in shaping the advancement of modernity and its implementation within Muslim societies. The concept ...
Read More
An aspect that is both significant and often overlooked in the convergence of Islam and modernity is the interaction between Islamic scholars and modern concepts. This interaction has been instrumental in shaping the advancement of modernity and its implementation within Muslim societies. The concept of "nation" is among those that have bestowed upon the Muslim countries of the Middle East a distinct international perception. Regarding this, every Shi'i cleric has endeavored to delineate the demarcation between themselves and this notion by offering a religious and Shi'i perspective on this contemporary concept. Naini, a renowned scholar of the constitutional era, put forth one of these groundbreaking conceptual encounters within the framework of choice theology in the book. We will analyze this notion in the forthcoming article through the lens of "Historical Sociology" and employ the "thematic analysis" technique. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that Naini, in employing the "acceptance and appropriation" strategy, initially embraced the entire notion and the resulting nation-state order, upon which he constructed his theory. Additionally, it challenges the "ideological aspect" and endeavors to offer a fresh interpretation of this notion while preserving the Islamic and Shi'i perspectives on emergent modern phenomena and concepts, including the nation and state.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Mohammad Malekzadeh
Abstract
Sheikh Fazullah Nouri embodies a political and cultural movement in Iran whose foremost concern is the preservation of the nation's religious identity and its autonomy across economic, social, and political domains. Terrorism, colonialism, and the preservation of the nation's independence were among ...
Read More
Sheikh Fazullah Nouri embodies a political and cultural movement in Iran whose foremost concern is the preservation of the nation's religious identity and its autonomy across economic, social, and political domains. Terrorism, colonialism, and the preservation of the nation's independence were among the matters that occupied his attention in Iran. This matter positioned him among the forerunners of the Iranian legitimate constitutional movement and the tobacco movement. By leveraging his profound understanding of the underpinnings of Western civilization and culture, Sheikh Fazlullah directed his campaigns primarily towards safeguarding the dignity of the Iranian people, preserving the role of religion in the nation's unity and independence, and severing the foreign influence over the country's destiny. Principally the two currents of foreign colonialism and internal westernism opposed Sheikh Fazlullah. These factions viewed the Sheikh as an impediment to their objectives. Ultimately, Sheikh Fazlullah gave his life to defend the religion and fight for Iran's independence. By employing a descriptive and analytical approach, this article examines the intellectual underpinnings and facets of Sheikh Fazlullah's Iranian independence movement and liberation from colonial rule.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
ali aqajani
Abstract
The diverse spectrums of the Qoranists’ movement are among the currents that have addressed the challenges of contemporary jurisprudence. The author of Tafsir al-Furqan, Mohammad Sadeghi Tehrani, is one of the Quranists who paid attention to and analyzed this challenge. Based on the theoretical ...
Read More
The diverse spectrums of the Qoranists’ movement are among the currents that have addressed the challenges of contemporary jurisprudence. The author of Tafsir al-Furqan, Mohammad Sadeghi Tehrani, is one of the Quranists who paid attention to and analyzed this challenge. Based on the theoretical framework of Spriggan’s crisis model and its four phases, this article investigates Sadeghi Tehrani’s attitude toward a few of his possessions. Sadeghi considers the abandonment of the Quran and separation from it to be the most significant methodological and content challenge of contemporary law. On this basis, he attributed the crisis or the issue of abandonment of the Quran to a false interpretation of the Quran, the interpretation of the Quran with narrations rather than vice versa, the preference of an uncertain tradition over the Quran, the humanization of the Quran, and external factors such as colonialism. The only ethical solution is the total Quranic revolution. Therefore, existing Islamic sciences, particularly jurisprudence in the general sense or jurisprudence of Akbar, do not consider it as Quranic and criticize it. In contrast to traditional Tafaqquh and dynamic Tafaqquh, he proposes Tafaqquh Guya as a solution to the challenge of contemporary jurisprudence. According to him, Tafaqquh Guya is founded on the unquestionable acceptance of the Quran as proof and the reference to the unquestionable Sunnah on its margin, which renders all Islamic sciences inebriated. This Quranic fiqh encompasses all personal, social, and political domains. Sadeghi Tehrani believes that the optimal situation will occur when Imam Zaman appears, which will usher in the Quranic revolution and Quranic government. According to him, the phrase “coming with a new book” regarding the Imam of the time, which is mentioned in some narrations, does not refer to a new Quran but rather to the extant Quran, whose teachings have been disregarded throughout history.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Akbar Ashrafi
Abstract
The valayat-e faqih theory holds significant political weight as a cornerstone of Imam Khomeini's ideology concerning the governance of Islamic society during Imam Masoom's (AS) absence. Furthermore, he stands as the sole jurist who successfully established an Islamic government grounded in this theory, ...
Read More
The valayat-e faqih theory holds significant political weight as a cornerstone of Imam Khomeini's ideology concerning the governance of Islamic society during Imam Masoom's (AS) absence. Furthermore, he stands as the sole jurist who successfully established an Islamic government grounded in this theory, furnishing it with an impartial appearance, thus providing the initial instance of jurist dominion over society. The primary inquiry of this article pertains to whether Imam Khomeini's political ideology underwent any transformation over the extensive period spanning from the 1950s to the Islamic Revolution and his tenure as the leader of the Islamic Republic. To answer this question, the content of Imam Khomeini's two books “Keshf Asrar” and “Valayat–e Faqih” has been scrutinized and analyzed using the descriptive-analytical method. The research hypothesis posits that in both of the aforementioned books, Imam Khomeini formulated the theory of velayat-e faqih. Furthermore, in both texts, he affirms imprtial Mujtahid as the complete successor of Imam Masoom during the era of occultation. Hence, despite the fact that Imam Khomeini articulated distinct facets of his political philosophy at various junctures in accordance with the circumstances of the time and location—two fundamental components of ijtihad, in his estimation—the structure of his political philosophy has remained unchanged since the 1950s until his demise. The conceptual underpinning that drives Imam Khomeini's ideas in both volumes is the Shi'ite perspective on the proper conduct of adherents in the presence of an oppressive monarch. The foundational tenet of this school is the rejection of collaboration with an oppressive sovereign, barring specific circumstances that authorize such cooperation. This foundation can elucidate the political ideology and conduct of Imam Khomeini during his various political eras, including the intensity and feebleness of his opposition to the Pahlavi regime.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
mohammad aghaei; farzaneh najafi
Abstract
The social understanding of Sharia texts from the perspective of Martyr Sadr is a jurisprudential theory that covers various areas of the social and economic life of a Muslim. It seeks to understand the Sharia texts, relying on non-verbal manifestations. Sadr introduced the harmonious mentality, based ...
Read More
The social understanding of Sharia texts from the perspective of Martyr Sadr is a jurisprudential theory that covers various areas of the social and economic life of a Muslim. It seeks to understand the Sharia texts, relying on non-verbal manifestations. Sadr introduced the harmonious mentality, based on the general concentration among wise people of his kind, in the process of understanding the reason, and after verbal understanding and determining the situational and contextual implications of the Shari'i texts, he made the social reception the rule over it and put the ultimate meaning of the Shari'i texts in the context. The existing common social focus, which is appropriate to the occasion of the sentence and the subject, has presented. By accepting this theory, it is possible to transform the meaning of Sharia in the field of individual tasks and the special situation of the narrators into a field of jurisprudential theory, without .entering into the abyss of analogy, by referring to the concept of concentration and social understanding
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Gholamreza Jamshidiha; maryam Shaban
Abstract
The topic of the current research is “The effect of cottage and palace life on people (people and society) from the perspective of Imam Khomeini.” The purpose of the research is to examine, from the perspective of Imam Khomeini, the nature and manner of living in cottages and palaces, as ...
Read More
The topic of the current research is “The effect of cottage and palace life on people (people and society) from the perspective of Imam Khomeini.” The purpose of the research is to examine, from the perspective of Imam Khomeini, the nature and manner of living in cottages and palaces, as well as their impact on social life and human behavior.A qualitative approach and “documentary analysis” constitute the research methodology. In order to conduct research, the focus is on primary sources, which are the foundation of the research’s validity.The research demonstrates that in Islamic societies, palatialism and palatial architecture are corrupting and detrimental to society. Because it creates social distance, general mistrust, a weakened sense of solidarity and social cohesion, a sense of injustice, and ultimately social conflict. But the cottage style is distinct in addition to fostering solidarity, cohesion, and trust in the society, it lays the groundwork for more participation, since the purpose of every action and participation is to please God. As a result, in addition to motivating the activist, it promotes the reproduction of more participation and activity in the service of the community.The results indicate that a society with a nomadic spirit is stable and will grow and develop, and that enemies cannot harm the society during crises such as wars, seditions, and sabotage because the people and government, as a cohesive whole, reject and repel any strike.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
fateme kamrani; somaye hamidi; Peyman zanganeh
Abstract
Modernism is a type of social life and institution whose primary paradigm is a self-reflective, self-critical wisdom that perpetually evaluates human traditions. This phenomenon originated in the West and spread progressively to other regions. The emergence of this way of thinking in Iran elicited various ...
Read More
Modernism is a type of social life and institution whose primary paradigm is a self-reflective, self-critical wisdom that perpetually evaluates human traditions. This phenomenon originated in the West and spread progressively to other regions. The emergence of this way of thinking in Iran elicited various responses. Some of the intelligentsia attempted to establish a secular and modern order by rejecting traditional and religious values and imitating non-western styles. In contrast, a number of religious intellectuals who flourished primarily in the forties and fifties of the Shamsi calendar opposed this idea and attempted to rely on religious values, correct it with modern ideas compatible with Islam, and prevent the penetration of Western ideas into their culture and civilization. Imam Khomeini, one of the intellectuals of the forties and fifties according to the Shamsi calendar, studied and criticized western humanistic and colonial aspects, while accepting some of its civilizational principles according to Islamic interpretation. Analytical-descriptive methodology is used in this study to examine the effect of Modernism Mindset on Imam Khomeini’s thought, based on three principles of Lacan as a religious intellectual and his desired social-political order. Imam Khomeini's reputation as one of the most influential religious thinkers of the 1940s and 1950s is founded on a critique of the west’s colonial and humanistic aspects. Although he adopts certain intellectual principles of Western civilization in accordance with his religious interpretation, he employs them to create his transcendent sociopolitical order. However, research indicates that Imam Khomeini opposed Shah’s iconoclastic and anti-modern actions, preached the truth, and attempted to reconstruct a political system based on sublime religious values through symbolic action.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Alireza Mirzaei; Mahdi Jalalvand
Abstract
Social issues and looking at different aspects of human being with collective identity have a special place in the thought and writings of Allameh Tabatabai. The structured mind of this distinguished Islamic thinker has led to the design and discussion of the foundations and structures of the creation ...
Read More
Social issues and looking at different aspects of human being with collective identity have a special place in the thought and writings of Allameh Tabatabai. The structured mind of this distinguished Islamic thinker has led to the design and discussion of the foundations and structures of the creation and movement of human society; In such a way that social thinking can be considered one of the weight points of his religious thought. The present study, using a descriptive-analytical method, follows Allameh Tabatabai's thought foundations in discussing the origin of human society and the type of communication between them. The results of the research show that the mechanism of forming human society, the origin of sociality, the creation of restrictions on individual freedom, collective cooperation, the enactment of law and the formation and establishment of government and the way of governance, as the foundations and presuppositions of building human society in thought. Allameh has a systematic relationship and, like the seeds of a chain, they have formed a strong thread in the context of the occurrence and survival of human society. This structured look at social topics and issues has brought Allameh into thinking in the field of social life. In his social thoughts, he believes in building society from the context and from the bottom up, and the pyramid of power, despite its importance, is the second priority in his thoughts on social issues and governance.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Mahdi Abbasi Shahkooh; zahed Ghafari Hashjin
Abstract
The Islamic revolution was able to achieve victory with the ideals of justice, republicanism, legalism, honor, independence, freedom, Islamism, and the like, and the establishment of ideology, constitution, and system building also emerged on this basis. The challenge of many political systems in realizing ...
Read More
The Islamic revolution was able to achieve victory with the ideals of justice, republicanism, legalism, honor, independence, freedom, Islamism, and the like, and the establishment of ideology, constitution, and system building also emerged on this basis. The challenge of many political systems in realizing the goals of their ideology and belief system is the stagnation and freezing that has occurred following social changes and generational changes in the society and reduces its social control and persuasive power, which can lead to to conflict between the state and the nation. Something that can happen or exist for the Islamic Republic of Iran as well. In this regard, the leader of the Islamic Revolution has linked ideology and ideals by proposing the two concepts of " Explanation Jihad" and "Demanding" and tries to preserve and perpetuate what the ideology of the Islamic Revolution is based on. The question of the present research is: "What is the relationship between the two concepts of demanding and explanation jihad in Ayatollah Khamenei's system of thought?" The method of collecting information is documentary, and data analysis is also based on the documentary analysis method and using the opinions of thinkers such as Mannheim in analyzing the relationship between ideology and utopia, Inglehart and Roche in generational and social change, and other theorists to explain the relationship between the concept of demanding and explanation jihad the truth in Ayatollah Khamenei's thought. The researchers of the article came to the conclusion that in the thought of Ayatollah Khamenei, explanation jihad means understanding the ideology of the Islamic Revolution in the society, and demanding means seeking idealism and constant dynamics in the ideology of the Islamic Revolution.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Elham sadat Moghadasi; Mahdi Hosseinzadeh Yazdi
Abstract
Undoubtedly, Fethullah Gulen is one of the Muslim intellectuals and social leaders whose thoughts have received attention in the last few decades. He introduces a new version of Islam, which is known as moderate Islam or social Islam among Western thinkers. Gülen interprets Islam by a Turkish reading, ...
Read More
Undoubtedly, Fethullah Gulen is one of the Muslim intellectuals and social leaders whose thoughts have received attention in the last few decades. He introduces a new version of Islam, which is known as moderate Islam or social Islam among Western thinkers. Gülen interprets Islam by a Turkish reading, in which Islam finds a special link with Turkish identity. His innovative reading of Islam, while emphasizing individual morality and spirituality pays special attention to interpretation, tolerance and dialogue with other religions and supports the establishment of a comprehensive pluralist. By revising and redefining the words and terms of Sufism, he places service as a faith-inspired concept at the center of his work, which leads to the form of modern Sufism. Modern Sufism is the expansion of the concept of individual Sufism to the community and the promotion of social participation in today's modern world.In order to understand Gülen's reading of Islam, we first explain his interpretation of Turkish or Anatolian Islam by his intended concepts. In the meantime, we examine the concept of Jihad in more detail due to Gulen's new interpretation of that. Finally, we discuss the causes of the backwardness of Muslims from Gulen's point of view and in the framework of his understanding of Turkish Islam.It can be said that Gülen's social Islam is a type of secular Islam that is known as Rahmani Islam among Muslim thinkers. His Rahmani Islam, by displaying a gentle and non-violent face of Islam to the world and linking that with modernity, has five major features: selective and minimal view of Islam, distortion and conversion of the concepts of political Islam such as Jihad, ethics based on Universal and secular values, emphasis on tolerance, accepting the theory of religious pluralism and establishing a pluralistic society by support of Western democracy.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Asghar Molaei
Abstract
Unchangeable rulings can be the basis for preparing principles and laws in Islamic urban planning. This approach, centered on God's fixed decrees, has inherent characteristics, immutability over time, comprehensiveness, and the ability to be applied in all aspects of Islamic urban planning. Failure to ...
Read More
Unchangeable rulings can be the basis for preparing principles and laws in Islamic urban planning. This approach, centered on God's fixed decrees, has inherent characteristics, immutability over time, comprehensiveness, and the ability to be applied in all aspects of Islamic urban planning. Failure to pay attention to the fixed rules in urban planning in the era of Hasir has led to the emergence of many inefficient plans that have had negative consequences on various aspects of human life. Therefore, this research aims to explain the principles and foundations of the city and Islamic urban planning based on the fixed rulings, which was carried out with the research method of content analysis of texts and logical reasoning, and methods of library and document study. The findings of the research show that fixed rules in Islamic thought are a transcendental, efficient and appropriate approach in recognizing, explaining and analyzing various subjects, including urban studies and the Islamic city. According to this attitude, every knowledge consists of two natural and valid propositions, and the validity of the valid propositions depends on the compatibility and compliance of the natural propositions. The fixed rules are the laws of the Sharia that are established for human beings based on human nature. Credit laws are variable laws that are created according to the needs and expediency of the society in different periods. Islamic realism can be used in line with a critical view of urban planning and design and monitoring of urban developments. Therefore, from a fixed point of view, an Islamic city is a city where Muslims, relying on Islamic fixed affairs, strive to achieve true happiness. Islamic city and urban planning is based on Islamic realism, planning, design and management of cities with the focus of fixed divine decrees. These rulings should be the basis for the validity of city and urban development laws and regulations in various physical-spatial, social, economic, cultural, environmental, managerial and legal fields.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Seyed Mohamad Hadi Moqadasi; Mahdi Omidi
Abstract
Cosmopolitanism is one of the most significant issues in Western political thought during the classical, modern, and contemporary periods, and it has serious adherents as one of the approaches to globalization today. In contrast to globalization, the ideal of cosmopolitan thought is the development of ...
Read More
Cosmopolitanism is one of the most significant issues in Western political thought during the classical, modern, and contemporary periods, and it has serious adherents as one of the approaches to globalization today. In contrast to globalization, the ideal of cosmopolitan thought is the development of universal moral models or the establishment of global political institutions to establish a global governance. Although globalization is one of the new topics that was extensively studied in the 1990s and after Ayatollah Motahhari’s martyrdom, and therefore there is no direct reference to it in his works, his thought has a strong capacity to process a theory about the world. According to Ayatollah Motahari, because human societies have a single substance, they can also have a single form; thus, it is possible to establish a “human and monotheistic society.” This article explains the origins of the world from the perspective of Ayatollah Motahhari through a combination of description and analysis. According to Ayatollah Motahhari, the three foundations of worldview are anthropological, sociological, and cosmological. The anthropological foundation is analyzed based on human nature and evolution, the sociological foundation is analyzed based on the independent existence of society and the legitimacy of society, and the cosmological foundation is analyzed based on world unity and world membership. In two respects, Ayatollah Motahari’s perspective differs from other perspectives on the patriotic world: a. introducing some new fundamentals; B. providing a new account of some common ground for the global community. Because some Western thinkers have urged Muslims to study the intellectual legacy of Western philosophers in order to keep up with global trends, the study of the world based on the perspectives of Muslim thinkers is necessary. By explaining the foundations of cosmopolitanism in this article and proposing to investigate the effects and consequences of cosmopolitanism from his perspective, he lays the groundwork for proposing a theory about cosmopolitanism based on Ayatollah Motahhari’s views.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
saeideh Hamledari; Ahmad Fazeli
Abstract
Friendship is an internal quality that stems from the conscience and temperament of a person. Neglecting this essential quality of human existence will result in destructive harm that will be difficult or impossible to compensate. Friendship encompasses numerous dimensions of types, degrees, obstacles, ...
Read More
Friendship is an internal quality that stems from the conscience and temperament of a person. Neglecting this essential quality of human existence will result in destructive harm that will be difficult or impossible to compensate. Friendship encompasses numerous dimensions of types, degrees, obstacles, meanings, and resources, but the focus of this research is on the examination of two essential categories, “friendship’s causes and properties,” and it begins by posing the following questions: What factors motivate man’s tendency toward friendship, and what topics can constitute friendship? The author intends to investigate the answers to the aforementioned questions from the perspectives of Ghazali and Khwaja Nasir al-Din Tusi, two renowned Islamic thinkers. This research required library research to collect the necessary data, which was then compared to determine the similarities and differences between the two approaches. The findings indicate that Ghazali, with his mystic outlook, considers “God” to be the greatest friendship motive among the causes of love. Also, only “God” deserves to be man’s best companion among the subjects of love, and expressing love to other subjects is interpreted as friendship with God. The greatest motivation for love, according to Khwaja Nasir al-Din Tusi, is the combination of the three reasons he lists for friendship: pleasure, benefit, and pure goodness. In terms of friendship, Khajah prioritizes social relationships with other males.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Yahya Bouzarinejad; mohammadsadegh karbalaeizadeh estabraq
Abstract
Imam Musa Sadr is one of the most influential Muslim theorists and practitioners in the modern era. Therefore, it is essential to investigate his social ideas and their ontological foundations. In this paper, we studied the ontological foundations of Imam Musa Sadr’s social thought in his collection ...
Read More
Imam Musa Sadr is one of the most influential Muslim theorists and practitioners in the modern era. Therefore, it is essential to investigate his social ideas and their ontological foundations. In this paper, we studied the ontological foundations of Imam Musa Sadr’s social thought in his collection of speeches and writings using the document analysis method. Sadr considers humanity to have four aspects: an individual aspect that governs his freedom, a social aspect in relation to other humans, a community aspect as a part of the universe, and a divine aspect that governs the role of the divine caliphate of humanity in organizing the other aspects. From Sadr’s perspective, humanity is the only transformative force in existence and history, occupying the caliphate of God. According to him, the system of existence is created and the manifestation of God’s good attributes, living and sentient. As God's creation, the universe represents his attributes and is moving toward Him. Each component of the universe has a distinct function and direction. In addition, a stable system and the law of causality exist among them.Without God, there is no longer any time for the universe to exist. In addition, it is governed by lawfulness and intent. Sadr views love as the basis of existence, the family as the cell and substance of society, and social relations between families as its form. He views the formation of society as the result of material and spiritual interaction and exchange among individuals. Ummah is not a static entity, but the result of people’s unity in thought and mission, which leads to their unity and cohesion. Moreover, due to God’s unity, all creatures are equal in terms of existence. In addition to being relative, evil is the cause of human development and discretion. Sadr believes that the existence of the afterlife is essential for the establishment of justice. Also contemplates birth and death based on rules that, if broken, result in death.
