Social Theories of Muslim Thinkers

Social Theories of Muslim Thinkers

Explaining the Components of the Mutual Relationship Between Social Factors and Types of Knowledge; A Comparative Study of Max Scheler’s and Tabatabai’s Viewpoints

Document Type : Research Article / Original Article

Authors
Mohammad Soltanieh 1
Mohammad Rafiq 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Razavi University of Islamic Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Al-Mustafa International University, Qom, Iran.
10.22059/jstmt.2024.371216.1688
Abstract
The problem of mutual relationship between social factors and types of knowledge, which is called "social determination of knowledge", is the external objectivity of knowledge from a social point of view or the impression and identification that different types of human knowledge receive from social factors. The components of this mutual relationship include depth, degree, level, dominant factor and subject. Muhammad Husayn Tabatabai believes that apart from obvious, present, general theoretical knowledge and some general practical knowledge, the rest of knowledge is under the influence of biological, environmental, unseen and social cultural factors that this effect is contingent and does not even reach the stage of causation. The main focus of these epistemological developments is the credibility, especially the post-social credibility, which is completely socially determined. Max Scheler proposed the form and content of knowledge, which considers the content immune from social determination and considers only the form of knowledge to be socially determined. Of course, Tabatabai and Scheler both believe that there is no causality between the community and knowledge and the influence of the community is only to the extent necessary. According to Scheler's opinion, spiritual and real factors jointly determine knowledge. Of course, only the three forms of knowledge of religion, philosophy and science are targeted for determination. Therefore, the extract of Tabatabai's theory goes back to the discussion of validity and Scheler's theory of the form and content of knowledge.
Keywords
Determination
knowledge
Max Scheler
Social factors
Tabatabai
Subjects
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Social Theories of Muslim Thinkers
Volume 14, Issue 3
Summer 2024
Pages 37-53

  • Receive Date 05 February 2024
  • Revise Date 08 April 2024
  • Accept Date 28 April 2024
  • Publish Date 22 September 2024