Document Type : Research Article / Original Article
Authors
Tehran University
Abstract
Abu Rayhan al-Biruni (362–440 AH) is among the few Muslim thinkers recognized as a religious scholar with innovative approaches. A key feature of his work in religious studies is his phenomenological approach to understanding diverse religions. Given the importance of examining his theological perspective, especially in the field of religious phenomenology, and the absence of dedicated research in this area, this study has been conducted to explore his views and his method of engagement with different religions. Employing a comparative method, this research draws on al-Biruni's major works and his most significant insights related to religious studies, as well as recent studies analyzing his perspectives, to investigate his theology and his approach to engaging with other religions. The primary result of this research indicates that al-Biruni's religious approach closely resembles contemporary approaches in religious studies, particularly in the field of phenomenology of religion. He conducted a comparative study of religions with caution and objectivity, distancing himself from prejudice. In his interactions with the "religious other," he employed an empathetic and non-judgmental method. He aimed to understand each religion from the perspective of its believers, viewing truth as a plural concept accessible to all humanity and regarding all religions as paths to salvation.
Keywords
- Abu Rayhan al-Biruni
- comparative study of religions
- empathy
- phenomenology of religion
- religious studies
Main Subjects
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