Seyed Farid Alatas on Ibn Khaldun’s Sociological Theory: A Criticism of Eurocentrism in Mainstream Sociology.

Document Type : Research Article / Original Article

Authors

1 PHD Student in Islamic Philosophy and Theology at Islamic Azad University - Tehran North Branch

2 Member of The Philosophy Group / Faculty of Humanities/ Islamic Azad University/ Tehran North Branch

3 Sociology, Social Sciences, Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran

4 Assistant Professor

Abstract

Ibn Khaldun founded ilm al-‘umran in the Mugaddimah and For this reason, he is often hailed as the founder or at least the precursor of sociology; But his sociology has not developed and he has been neglected as a theorist. Farid Alatas considers the continuation of Eurocentrism in the social sciences as an obstacle to attention to non-western sources of theories and concepts; in a way that has put Ibn khaldun's thinking on the margins of modern social sciences. The project to Islamization of knowledge was introduced as a reaction to the Eurocentrism in the Islamic world. Farid Alatas considers this project to be unsuccessful in the development of Khaldunian sociology as a model for alternative sociology. While Ibn Khaldun has been marginalized in the Modern social sciences، his sociological approach sits between two opposing approaches of knowledge production: Islamization of knowledge and Eurocentrism. The purpose of this study is to investigate Farid Alatas's critical view of Eurocentric social sciences and its role as an obstacle to the development of Khaldunian sociology. The method of this study is documentary and by referring to Farid Alatas's works in a descriptive-analytical way, these questions were examined: How does Farid Alatas present Eurocentrism as an obstacle to the emergence of Ibn Khaldun's sociology? Why does Farid Alatas consider the project to Islamization of knowledge unsuccessful in developing Khaldunian sociology? What conditions does Farid Alatas consider necessary for the development of Khaldunian sociology? According to the findings of study, Farid Alatas is both opposed to the European social sciences and its adversary, the project to Islamization of knowledge, has not been sufficient; Therefore, Khaldunian sociology has not been successful in the mainstream of sociology and also in Islamic social sciences. Thus, Farid Alatas has made suggestions for Ibn Khaldun entering the mainstream of sociology and developing Khadunian Sociology.

Keywords

References

  •  

    • احمدی، بابک (1377). معمای مدرنیته. تهران: مرکز.
    • العطاس، سید فرید (1390الف). گفتمان‌های جایگزین در علوم‌اجتماعی آسیا. ترجمۀ محمود عبدالله‌زاده. تهران: پژوهشگاه علوم‌انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی.
    • العطاس، سید فرید (1390ب). «علوم‌انسانی باید نقد و از اروپامداری جدا گردد». 11/ 8/2011، آکادمی‌مطالعات‌ایرانی‌لندن: اندیشه ‌و گفت‌وگو،https://iranianstudies.org/fa/1390/05/20/.
    • العطاس، سیدنقیب (1374الف). اسلام و دنیوی‌گری. تهران: مؤسسۀ مطالعات اسلامی دانشگاه تهران.
    • العطاس، سیدنقیب (1374ب). درآمدی بر جهان‌شناسی اسلامی. تهران: مؤسسۀ مطالعات اسلامی دانشگاه تهران.
    • امین، سمیر (1389). اروپامداری نظریۀ فرهنگی سرمایه‌داری مدرن. ترجمۀ موسی عنبری. تهران: علم.
    • ایولاکوست (1385). جهان‌بینی ابن‌خلدون. ترجمۀ مهدی مظفری. چاپ دوم. تهران: مؤسسۀ انتشارات و چاپ دانشگاه تهران.
    • بارنز و بکر (1370). تاریخ اندیشۀ اجتماعی از جامعۀ ابتدایی تا جامعۀ جدید. جلد اول. ترجمۀ جواد یوسفیان و علی‌اصغر مجیدی. تهران: مؤسسۀ انتشارات امیرکبیر.
    • بینش، مسعود (1392). منطق ابن‌خلدون: جستاری در اندیشۀ واقع‌گرای ابن‌خلدون از نگاه دکتر علی الوردی. تهران: پژواک.
    • سعید، ادوارد (1386). شرق‌شناسی. ترجمۀ لطفعلی خنجی. تهران: امیرکبیر.
    • ماوس، هاینس (1382). تاریخ جامعه‌شناسی. ترجمۀ عباس محمدی اصل. رشت: حق‌شناس.
    • مهدوی، منصور (1391). سنجش سنت. اشراق. چاپ زلال کوثر.
    • مهدی، محسن (1373). فلسفۀ تاریخ ابن‌خلدون. ترجمۀ مجید مسعودی. تهران: علمی و فرهنگی.
    • میراحمدی، منصور و مهربان دافساری، احمد (1395). ظرفیت‌های «عصبیت» برای تبیین نظری پدیده‌های سیاسی-اجتماعی در جهان اسلام. فصلنامۀ رهیافت‌های سیاسی و بین‌المللی، سال هشتم، 2، 108-137.
    • نصار، ناصیف (1366). اندیشۀ واقع‌گرای ابن‌خلدون. ترجمۀ یوسف رحیم‌لو. تهران: مرکز نشر دانشگاهی.
    • نصر، سید حسین (1385). معرفت و معنویت. ترجمۀ انشاءالله رحمتی. چاپ سوم. تهران: دفتر نشر سهروردی.
    • نصر، سیدحسین (1395). معرفت و امرقدسی. ترجمۀ فرزاد حاجی میرزائی. تهران: فروزان روز.
    • Abdel-Malek,A.1963,“Orientalism in Crisis”, Diogenes, 11:103-140
    • Alatas, Seyed Farid, 1990, “Ibn Khaldun and the Ottoman Modes of production”, Arab Historical Review for Ottoman Studies,1-2:45-63.
    • Alatas, Seyed Farid,1993, “A Khaldunian Perspective on the Dynamics of Asiatic Societies”, Comprative Civilization Reviw,29: 29-51.
    • Alatas, seyed Farid, 2006a, “ A Khaldunian Exemplar for a Historical Sociology for the south”, Current sociology, 54 (3): 29-51.
    • Alatas, seyed Farid, 2006b, “Ibn khaldun and contemporary sociology’’, International sociology,21:782-795.
    • Alatas, Seyed Farid, 2007, “The Historical Sociology of Muslim Societies: Khaldunian Applications”, International Sociology 22 (3).
    • Alatas, seyed Farid, 2012, Ibn Khaldun: Makers of Islamic Civilization, Oxford university press.
    • Alatas, seyed Farid, 2014, Applying ibn khaldun: The recovery of a lost tradition in sociology, Routledge.
    • Baali, F. and Price, B. 1982, “Ibn Khaldun and Karl Marx: On Socio-Historic Change”, Iqbal Review 23(1), 17-36.
    • Baali,F, 1986, Ilm al-Umran and Sociology: A Comparative Study, Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Kuwait University, 36th Monograph, vol 7.
    • Barnes,H.E, 1917, “Sociology befor Comte: A Summary of Doctrines and an Introduction to the Literature”, American Journal of Sociology, 23 (2):174-247.
    • Becker, Howard and Barnes, Harry Elmer, 1961, Social Thought from Lore to Science, 3vol, New York, Dover Publications.
    • Faghirzadeh,Saleh, 1982, Sociology of Sociology: In Search of Ibn Khaldun’s Sociology then and Now, Tehran, Soroush press.
    • Al-Faruqi, Ismail, 1988, “ Islamization of Knowledge: Problems, Principles and prospective”, in Islam: Source and purpose of Knowledge,IIIT.
    • Flint, Robert, 1893, History of the philosophy of History in France, Belgium, and Switzerland,Edinburgh.
    • Gellner, Ernwst, 1975, “Cohesion and Identity: The Maghreb from Ibn Khaldun to Emile Durkheim”, Government and Opposition 10(2):203-18.
    • Gellner,Ernest,1981,Muslim Society,CambridgeUniversity,Cambridge.
    • Gumplowicz, Ludwing, 1899, soziologische Essays: Soziologie und politik, Inns bruck: Universitates-verlag Wagner.
    • Gibb, H.A.R. 1933, “ The Islamic Background of Ibn Khaldun’s Political Theory”, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and Africa Studies, 7: 23-31.
    • Gumplowicz,Ludwing,1899,SoziologischEssays:SoziologieundPolitik,Innsbruck, Universitates- Verlag Wagner.
    • Hopkins, Nicholas S, 1990, “Engels and Ibn Khaldun”, Alif 10:9-18.
    • Newby, Gordon D. 1983, “Ibn Khaldun and Frederick Jackson Turner: Islam and the Frontier Experience”, Journal of Asian and African Studies 18(3-4):274-85.
    • Ortega y Gasset, Jose’, 1979,”Abenjaldu’n nos revela el secreto”,Revista del Instituto Egicio de Estudios Isla’micos en Madrid, 19: 95-114.
    • Rabi, Muhammad Mahmoud, 1967, the political Theory of Ibn khaldun, Leiden, Brill.
    • Simon,Heinrich,2018, Ibn Khaldun’s Science of Human Culture, Translated by Fuad Baali, The Other Press, Selangor, Malasia.
    • Turner, B.S.1971, “Sociological Founder and Precursors: The Theoriesw of Religion of Emile Durkheim, Fustel de coulanges and Ibn Khaldun”, Religion 1:32-48.
    • Toynbee, Arnold J, 1935, A Study of History, vol 3, London: Oxford University Press.
    • Wallerstein,Immanul,1996,”Eurocentrism and its Avatars: The Dilemmas of Social Science”, the Future of sociology in East Asia,22-23 November.
    • Weber, Alfred, 1919, History of Philosophy,New York, Charles Scribner’s Sons.
    • Zayid, Ahmad, 1996, “ Saba un ‘Ama li-l-‘Ilm al-Ijtima fi Misr”, Majallat Kulliyat al-Adab, Cario University, 56:1-38.

     

     

     

     

     

     

             

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 01 July 2021
  • Revise Date: 02 December 2021
  • Accept Date: 02 December 2021
  • Publish Date: 22 December 2021

Share

How to cite

Statistics