Faculty of Social Sciences , University Of Tehran

Document Type : Research Article / Original Article

Author

PhD in Cultural Sociology, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

During the Second Pahlavi era, the Qom Seminary faced unique challenges. Ayatollah Borujerdi assumed dual responsibilities: preserving and expanding the heritage of the newly established seminary, while also responding to the non-religious and anti-religious policies of the Pahlavi state and its allies. Applying the method of historical sociology, this study explores the approach of Shi'i authority in relation to state policies and the actions of other political and intellectual forces by analyzing Borujerdi’s speeches and conduct within the broader context of socio-political developments. Findings indicate that Borujerdi adopted a dual strategy. Domestically, through a policy of “reminding and negotiating,” he positioned himself as a representative of the religious institution vis-à-vis other forces. Transnationally, by advancing the strategy of Ummatism, he consolidated Shi'i authority within the broader Islamic community and reinforced his domestic influence through international connections. His national and transnational initiatives effectively countered the competing projects of “Iran without Islam” and “Iranian Islam,” thereby contributing to the convergence of Iranians around Islam as a central pillar of national identity.

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