Comparative study of Islamic and non-Islamic thinkers
Alireza Kowsarnia; Hosein Haj Mohamadi
Abstract
The relationship between culture and social structure has long been a central debate in sociology: Do social conditions generate culture, or does culture itself drive structural transformation? Some scholars regard culture as the outcome of structure, while others emphasize its transformative role. Robert ...
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The relationship between culture and social structure has long been a central debate in sociology: Do social conditions generate culture, or does culture itself drive structural transformation? Some scholars regard culture as the outcome of structure, while others emphasize its transformative role. Robert Wuthnow, adopting an objective approach, treats culture not as a subjective phenomenon but as a tangible and observable product. He explains the connection between ideology and structure within a theoretical framework, though structural factors tend to dominate despite his attention to human agency and the concept of “moral order.” In contrast, Ali Shariati conceptualizes the culture–structure relationship as reciprocal and dialectical. While acknowledging the influence of structure on culture, he also emphasizes culture’s capacity to reshape structure. This article analyzes Wuthnow’s cultural theory and critiques it from the perspective of Shariati’s dialectical thought, demonstrating that although Wuthnow attempts to transcend reductionist explanations, his theory ultimately leans toward structural determinism. Shariati, by contrast, offers a more comprehensive interpretation of the mutual interaction between culture and structure.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Sadegh Akbari Aghdam; Shahla Bagheri; Seyed Saeid Zahed Zahedani
Abstract
This study examines the foundational requirements for cultural governance in the Islamic Republic of Iran from the perspective of Ayatollah Khamenei. Employing a qualitative approach, the research utilizes thematic analysis of the Supreme Leader’s statements on culture and cultural governance. ...
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This study examines the foundational requirements for cultural governance in the Islamic Republic of Iran from the perspective of Ayatollah Khamenei. Employing a qualitative approach, the research utilizes thematic analysis of the Supreme Leader’s statements on culture and cultural governance. The purposively selected corpus includes texts and speeches addressing cultural issues, governance, and related concepts. Findings indicate that the cornerstone of Iran’s cultural governance model is the popularization of Islamic culture, structured around two principal components: Islamic guidance of culture and public participation in cultural affairs. Five enabling requirements underpin this model: (1) optimal attitudinal and performance indicators, (2) cultural management, (3) cultural engineering, (4) cultural discourse-making, and (5) institutionalization of divine governance indicators, which encompass Islam-centered, people-centered, culture-centered, Imam-centered, law-abiding, justice-oriented, awareness-driven, responsible, unity-promoting, and dignified governance. The ultimate outcome is the personal and social elevation of individuals and society. This framework is recommended as a guiding macro-structure for cultural policymaking, contributing to the advancement of a new Islamic civilization.
New ideas for the reconstruction of social sciences based on the sources of Islamic thought
Mohsen Labkhandagh
Abstract
Under the transcendental wisdom and relying on "Sadra's cultural theory", bace on logical argument method it is possible to explain the relationship between culture and the world of nature under the divine sovereignty, and provide a model for explaining cultural developments from this path. Based on ...
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Under the transcendental wisdom and relying on "Sadra's cultural theory", bace on logical argument method it is possible to explain the relationship between culture and the world of nature under the divine sovereignty, and provide a model for explaining cultural developments from this path. Based on "Sadrai's cultural theory", culture is a Semantic substance, and therefore, in explaining the dimensions of the relationship between culture and nature, we seek to answer the question of what role the relationship between man, society and nature will play in Semantic blocking or opening for societies and the formation of different cultures, and how these changes in meaning are reflected in the world of nature.This theoretical path will clarify that the impact of culture on the natural world can be divided into two types: "involuntary" and "conscious and accompanied by the intention and will of humans" and can be examined under the title "the shadow of the natural world on culture"."The formative and involuntary reflection of the world of nature in cultures" can be explained in three chapters: "The expression and concealment of meaning by the world of nature in relation to culture", "The practical wrath and seal of the world of nature in relation to culture" and "The extension of climate in culture". "Conscious reproduction of the world of nature in the context of culture" is explained under the two headings of "interpretation and symbolization(imeaning inspired by the world of nature)" and "cultural reproduction of perceptible images adapted from the world of nature(giving form to meanings)"The changes created by culture in the world of nature can also be examined under the title "shadow of culture on the world of nature" and under the two titles "reflection of culture in the interior of nature" and "reflection of culture in the body of nature".
Seyed Saeid Zahed Zahedani; Mohammad Hussain Jamalzadeh
Abstract
The essential needs of societies are provided through natural social organizations, called institutions. For instance, to create order and security and management of society, the institution of politics is formed. Every culture and civilization has its own style of management and discipline. Hence, every ...
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The essential needs of societies are provided through natural social organizations, called institutions. For instance, to create order and security and management of society, the institution of politics is formed. Every culture and civilization has its own style of management and discipline. Hence, every civilization has a political institution with its own structure. Modern civilization was formed and developed by abandoning the unseen reality and relying on the apparent reality (secularism) and trust in man (humanism). Its social institutions, including politics, were based on this. With the victory of the Islamic Revolution in 1979 and the emergence of Islam in a civilized perspective, it seems that new structures were given to social institutions, especially politics. The present article tries to estimate the structure of politics in the new Islamic civilization in a comparative study using the method of reviewing texts and discussing and consulting experts. The findings of this study show that the form of politics in these two types of civilizations are fundamentally different from each other; however, both may adhere to democracy. Modern civilization, based on humanism and attention to the profit and benefit of human beings, allows any kind of action, but Islamic civilization relies on divine lordship and tries to replace the system in politics with the importance of the link between the unseen and the visible. Divine to be present and current in different social levels.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
mohammad soltanieh
Abstract
Globalization is a natural process that has emerged in the direction of all-round scientific, cultural, social, political, economic and industrial development. Globalization as an opportunity can provide the best opportunity to introduce and spread Islamic culture; Of course, subject to benefiting from ...
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Globalization is a natural process that has emerged in the direction of all-round scientific, cultural, social, political, economic and industrial development. Globalization as an opportunity can provide the best opportunity to introduce and spread Islamic culture; Of course, subject to benefiting from all its capacities, the most important of which is the growth of people's awareness and the explanation and dissemination of the teachings of Islam by the followers of the original and pure Muhammadan Islam.The purpose of this article is to identify and present the capacities that Islam has in the field of intercultural communication for globalization. Because understanding these components requires a deep understanding of the Islamic worldview, and given the level of effectiveness of the issue that will endanger the world's governments, it is necessary to base these components on the ideas of a ruling Islamic jurist. Let's get it.Imam Khomeini with regard to the establishment of an active Islamic government in the social arena, the best figure to recognize these components.In general, the findings of this article, which deals with this issue through a descriptive-analytical method, emphasize that the globalization of Islam as a comprehensive, rational and natural culture based on rational, Qur'anic and narrative arguments is conclusive and provable.Islam is a comprehensive and universal system that can create the grounds for universal acceptance and guarantee its dynamism based on the original rational and spiritual principles and values.
iman erfanmanesh
Abstract
In Max Weber’s tradition and legacy of interpretative sociology, the tremendous epistemological and methodological issues from the mutuality of mind and empirical reality have been considered. Through revising Weber’s ideas, the principle is revealed witch one can generate that as the principle ...
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In Max Weber’s tradition and legacy of interpretative sociology, the tremendous epistemological and methodological issues from the mutuality of mind and empirical reality have been considered. Through revising Weber’s ideas, the principle is revealed witch one can generate that as the principle of the Methodological Ethnocentrism. This principle is of the significant capacities for both emergence and evolution of social (cultural) sciences. Applying the documentary research method and Denys Cuche’s theoretical approach, this article seeks to elicit and analyze the elements of the forenamed principle in five axes; as follow: “the different revising of the value relevance and cultural interest”, “cultural sciences as empirical and real sciences”, “departure from the cultural value to cultural values”, “social sciences as non-universal sciences”, and “the hetero-rationalizing in the context of cultures”. Furthermore, three axes of results are “the cosmological assumption”, “the epistemological peril”, and “the scientific dominance from the methodological mistake”. 1 1
iman erfanmanesh; hosein bostan
Abstract
Taking into account the standpoints of the modern worldview, most of sociologists have tried to formulize their own understanding of social world and human action. Pierre Bourdieu, as one of the most influential cultural sociologists, claims that, using a specific analytic model and formula, it is possible ...
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Taking into account the standpoints of the modern worldview, most of sociologists have tried to formulize their own understanding of social world and human action. Pierre Bourdieu, as one of the most influential cultural sociologists, claims that, using a specific analytic model and formula, it is possible to reveal the complexity of the objective and subjective logic contained in the social actors’ life style. Using the theory of Fetrat developed by martyr Motahhari and applying documentary research method, this article tries to explore the most important challenges of the Bourdieu’s claim versus Fetrat and faithful life. Due to adherence to perspectivism, Bourdieu’s model results in relativism with regard to some elements including culture, ethic, and many social factors such as gender. Moreover, the society and social class have been supposed to take precedence over human Fetrat and genuine identity. In addition, owing to adoption of the profit logic, one cannot find such concepts as simple living, contentment, self-respect, the real self, the border between truth and falsehood, and the freedom along with responsibility.
