Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Hossein Ebrahimi; Abbas Keshavarz Shokri
Abstract
Mysticism, as a profound spiritual school and a key movement within Iranian culture, has played a significant role in the political and social developments of Iran. The Islamic Revolution was not merely a political upheaval but a spiritual awakening and an inner transformation in which mystical and philosophical ...
Read More
Mysticism, as a profound spiritual school and a key movement within Iranian culture, has played a significant role in the political and social developments of Iran. The Islamic Revolution was not merely a political upheaval but a spiritual awakening and an inner transformation in which mystical and philosophical dimensions were manifested. Understanding the relationship between mysticism and the Islamic Revolution enables a more comprehensive grasp of the Revolution’s various dimensions and its impact on the Shia community and Iranian society. Seyyed Morteza Avini, as one of the intellectual elites of this period, addressed this phenomenon from a deep mystical perspective. This article examines Avini’s approach to the Revolution through the lens of mysticism and religiosity, showing how this framework enriches our understanding of the Revolution and its message. The theoretical foundation of the study is rooted in mystical thought. Avini considered the Revolution a manifestation of divine love and a quest for truth, wherein people returned to their essence and sought to realize divine values. The study employs an analytical-descriptive method, drawing on three of Avini’s works—A Beginning at an End, Snails Without a Home, and Governance of the Wise. Through textual interpretation, this research identifies connections between mystical ideas and the Revolution. The findings reveal that Avini’s mystical approach not only distinguishes the Islamic Revolution from other global revolutions but also emphasizes inner transformation, monotheism, the interplay between love and reason, and divine encounter. For Avini, the Revolution transcends political change, constituting a spiritual journey and mystical ascent. He outlines stages of mystical ascent in politics—self-awareness, migration, struggle, and guardianship—suggesting that the Revolution is an opportunity for returning to one’s essence and achieving a deeper understanding of life’s meaning and purpose.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Mohammad Malekzadeh
Abstract
Shia and Sunni scholars unanimously emphasize the necessity of defending the independence of Islamic lands, a principle deeply rooted in Islamic jurisprudence, particularly in discussions on jihad. This issue has garnered heightened attention in situations where the sovereignty of Muslim territories ...
Read More
Shia and Sunni scholars unanimously emphasize the necessity of defending the independence of Islamic lands, a principle deeply rooted in Islamic jurisprudence, particularly in discussions on jihad. This issue has garnered heightened attention in situations where the sovereignty of Muslim territories faces external threats. Islamic jurists have historically addressed such challenges through the issuance of treatises, statements, and jihadi fatwas. Seyyed Ali Tabatabaei, a prominent Islamic jurist, prioritized the preservation of religion and the independence of Islamic societies across social and political domains. This study aims to analyze Tabatabaei’s political thought and strategies in confronting crises that endangered the autonomy of Iran and other Islamic nations under colonial pressures. Key crises included the rivalry among colonial powers for territorial expansion, Russian aggression against Iran, and the emergence of deviant religious sects supported by colonial forces, which threatened the unity and cohesion of Islamic societies. Using a descriptive-analytical approach based on library research, this paper examines the intellectual foundations of Seyyed Ali Tabatabaei’s thought and his strategies for countering these crises. The findings underscore his emphasis on resistance and jihad as pivotal strategies to safeguard the independence and liberation of Islamic societies from colonial domination.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
Mahdi Abbasi Shahkooh; abbas keshavarz
Abstract
The Islamic revolution that transpired in Iran posed a difficulty for the theorists of the revolution in their way of thinking. Revolutions of the past were either predicated on modernity or did not oppose it; they consisted of simple uprisings of the peasant or worker multitudes against the owners of ...
Read More
The Islamic revolution that transpired in Iran posed a difficulty for the theorists of the revolution in their way of thinking. Revolutions of the past were either predicated on modernity or did not oppose it; they consisted of simple uprisings of the peasant or worker multitudes against the owners of property and power. However, during the Islamic revolution, the populace, leadership, slogans, and ideology were all in good standing with Shiite Islam. “Hossein Kechoyan” is the name of one of the philosophers who has contributed to the study of jihadi Islam. “The nature, reflection, and obstacles of the Islamic Revolution in the thought of Hossein Kechuyan” is the subject of this article. By employing the text hermeneutic method and documental information collection, an effort is made to comprehend the Islamic revolution theory and the progression of Quechuan history. The hermeneutic approach employed in the article revealed that Kechuyan believed that the Islamic revolution brought about a paradigm shift in the definition of revolution; its religious and cultural character contributed to its ability to dominate history; and as a result, it is regarded as one of the greatest revolutions. Because the great revolutions, by virtue of their civilizational essence, possess the capacity to exert influence over subsequent revolutions and alter the methodologies and demands of the movements. The article’s novelty lies in its examination of an Iranian theorist specializing in revolutionary theory.
Ali Bahrani Pour; Sahram Jalilian; Ali Lajmorak Moradi
Abstract
Ibn-Khaldun (1332-1406 A.C) was one of the greatest scholars of Islamic civilization. In part of his book, he presents a model for the transformation and evolution of life in nomadism to sedentary. The Mongols were also a nomadic people with a pastoral economy and they had little cognition of sedentary ...
Read More
Ibn-Khaldun (1332-1406 A.C) was one of the greatest scholars of Islamic civilization. In part of his book, he presents a model for the transformation and evolution of life in nomadism to sedentary. The Mongols were also a nomadic people with a pastoral economy and they had little cognition of sedentary lifestyle and its conditions. In the 13th century, they were able to build a vast empire in Asia and Europe. The Mongol nomadic invasion of Iran (1219 AD) caused the occupation of its eastern regions and afterwards led to the establishment of the Ilkhanate dynasty (1256-1335 AD). The process of confrontation and subsequent domination of the Mongol nomads over the Iranian sedentaries over several years led to Mongols life style switch from nomadic life to sedentaries life. The authors of this article intend to utilize Ibn Khaldun's view in the process of switch the lifestyle of the Mongol nomads from nomadism to sedentary in Iran.Question: How can it be explained the Mongols life style switch from nomadic life to sedentaries life in Iran according to Ibn- Khaldun's theory?Methodology: The method used in this study is historical analysis.Findings: The findings show that Ibn-Khaldun's view can explain Mongols switch lifestyle in Iran. Furthermore can be used as a remarkable model to explain and understand the switch of nomadic tribes in Iran especially from the period of Seljuq dynasty to pre- Safavid era.Conclusion: During the research, it was determined that Ibn Khaldun emphasizes the three components of geography (nature and climate), economic (lifestyle) and social (asabiyyaht) in studying the lifestyle of nomadic societies and its transformation. These components were used in studying transformation the lifestyle of Mongol society in Iran and was determined proportion of these concepts to the society. Thus, the nomadic Mongols lived in a harsh climate, had a simple life and was away from urban luxuries, the force of asabiyyaht that had caused a strong social cohesion among them led to the defeat of the sedentary Iranians. The Mongols With the conquest of Iran and the interaction with the Iranian sedentary, gradually became accustomed with sedentary lifestyle. The Mongols could not resist the material and immaterial attractiveness of the culture Iranian sedentaries, so they abandoned many Mongol customs and were encouraged to sedentary. Eventually the Mongols began rebuilding and developing damaged cities or building new ones and they dwelt in them.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
mousa anbari; sedigheh piri
Abstract
Poverty is a multi-meanings concept which has underwent conceptual modifications in different ages. In the current study we seek to review some poverty studies since the rise of Islam in Iran. Our data are collected and analyzed using literary writings and historical texts. The selected texts were classified ...
Read More
Poverty is a multi-meanings concept which has underwent conceptual modifications in different ages. In the current study we seek to review some poverty studies since the rise of Islam in Iran. Our data are collected and analyzed using literary writings and historical texts. The selected texts were classified based on four general themes, namely Sufism, ethics, teaching, and fotowwat writings (letters on chivalry). In particular, we used a text-based historical method to analyze the gathered data. The findings indicate that there are some interrelated and synonymous concepts for poverty which are difficult to understand without considering its various meanings. In addition, we found historical connotations of the concept of poverty. According to the results, the nature of poverty can be interpreted and classified into two categories: virtues and vices. Our results also suggest that poverty is mainly understood as a cultural interpretation. It is a conceptual chain that carries many ethical meanings including piety, abstinence, contentment, and deliverance. As a result, the removal of poverty requires such a cultural understanding.
Rereading and interpreting the ideas of leading Muslim thinkers
mohamad pirbabaei
Abstract
Abstract Social capital is a contextual concept and religion is one of the most important factors in its investigation. This research tries to provide a picture of social capital in the Islamic society of Iran. The first step towards shaping a framework for the concept is finding an answer to these ...
Read More
Abstract Social capital is a contextual concept and religion is one of the most important factors in its investigation. This research tries to provide a picture of social capital in the Islamic society of Iran. The first step towards shaping a framework for the concept is finding an answer to these questions: What is the core of social capital? What is the motivation of the actor to do activities in networks? What are the components (sources) of social capital? In adapting the above framework in the context of Iran, two historical and contemporary aspects are considered. Investigating the social structure of Iran showed that the structural social capital is very weak due to the limited and trivial presence and impact of formal group and networks. The teachings of Islam on the one hand promote and strengthen the sources of social capital and on the other hand approve and recommend its cognitive elements. Contrary to the west, social capital in Iran had been rich and powerful in cognitive terms, and provides the incentives for growth and prosperity. This conclusion also makes it possible to determine the components and techniques of emergence of social capital in the context of Iran.
